Kisaran Nilai Normal Kimia Darah

Determination
Normal Reference Value

Conventional units
SI units
Blood, Plasma or Serum
Ammonia (NH3) – diffusion
20-120 mcg/dl
12-70 mcmol/L
Ammonia Nitrogen
15-45 µg/dl
11-32 µmol/L
Amylase
35-118 IU/L
0.58-1.97 mckat/L
Anion gap (Na+-[Cl - + HCO3- ]) (P)
7-16 mEq/L
7-16 mmol/L
Antithrombin III (AT III)
80–120 U/dl
800–1200 U/L
Bicarbonate
Arterial
21–28 mEq/L
21–28 mmol/L
Venous
22–29 mEq/L
22–29 mmol/L
Bilirubin
Conjugated (direct) Total
 0.2 mg/dl
&
0.1–1 mg/dl
 4 mcmol/L
&
2–18 mcmol/L
Calcitonin
< 100 pg/ml
< 100 ng/L
Calcium
Total
8.6–10.3 mg/dl
2.2–2.74 mmol/L
Ionized
4.4–5.1 mg/dl
1–1.3 mmol/L

Carbon dioxide content (plasma)
21–32 mmol/L
21–32 mmol/L
Carcinoembryonic antigen
< 3 ng/ml
< 3 mcg/L
Chloride
95–110 mEq/L
95–110 mmol/L
Coagulation screen
Bleeding time
3–9.5 min
180–570 sec
Prothrombin time
10–13 sec
10–13 sec
Partial thromboplastin time (activated)
22–37 sec
22–37 sec
Protein C
0.7–1.4 µ/ml
700–1400 U/ml
Protein S
0.7–1.4 µ/ml
700–1400 U/ml
Copper, total
70–160 mcg/dl
11–25 mcmol/L
Corticotropin (ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone) – 0800 hr
< 60 pg/ml
< 13.2 pmol/L
Cortisol
0800 hr
5–30 mcg/dl
138–810 nmol/L
1800 hr
2–15 mcg/dl
50–410 nmol/L
2000 hr
 50% of 0800 hr
 50% of 0800 hr
Creatine kinase
Female
20–170 IU/L
0.33–2.83 mckat/L
Male
30–220 IU/L
0.5–3.67 mckat/L
Creatinine kinase isoenzymes, MB fraction
0–12 IU/L
0–0.2 mckat/L
Creatinine
0.5–1.7 mg/dl
44–150 mcmol/L
Fibrinogen (coagulation factor I)
150–360 mg/dl
1.5–3.6 g/L
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Female
2–13 mlU/ml
2–13 IU/L
Midcycle
5–22 mlU/ml
5–22 IU/L
Male
1–8 mlU/ml
1–8 IU/L

Glucose, fasting
65–115 mg/dl
3.6–6.3 mmol/L
Glucose Tolerance Test (Oral)

(mg/dl)
(mmol/L)

Normal
Diabetic
Normal
Diabetic
Fasting
70–105
> 140
3.9–5.8
> 7.8
60 min
120–170
 200
6.7–9.4
 11.1
90 min
100–140
 200
5.6–7.8
 11.1
120 min
70–120
 140
3.9–6.7
 7.8

() – Glutamyltransferase (GGT)
Male
9–50 units/L
9–50 units/L
Female
8–40 units/L
8–40 units/L

Haptoglobin
44–303 mg/dl
0.44–3.03 g/L
Hematologic Tests
Fibrinogen
200–400 mg/dl
2–4 g/L
Hematocrit (Hct)
female
36%-44.6%
0.36–0.446 fraction of 1
male
40.7%-50.3%
0.4–0.503 fraction of 1
Hemoglobin A 1C
5.3%-7.5% of total Hgb
0.053–0.075
Hemoglobin (Hb)
female
12.1–15.3 g/dl
121–153 g/L
male
13.8–17.5 g/dl
138–175 g/L
Leukocyte count (WBC)
3800–9800/mcl
3.8–9.8 x 109/L
Erythrocyte count (RBC)
female
3.5–5 x 106/mcl
3.5–5 x 1012/L
male
4.3–5.9 x 106/mcl
4.3–5.9 x 1012/L

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
80–97.6 mcm3
80–97.6 fl
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
27–33 pg/cell
1.66–2.09 fmol/cell
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrate (MCHC)
33–36 g/dl
20.3–22 mmol/L
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (sedrate, ESR)
30 mm/hr
30 mm/hr
Erythrocyte enzymes
Glucose-6 – Pphosphate dehydrognase (G-6-PD)
250–5000 units/106 cells
250–5000 mcunits/cell
Prostate specific antigenProtein: Total
Albumin
Globulin 0–4 ng/ml6–8 g/dl
3.6–5 g/dl
2.3–3.5 g/dl 0–4 ng/ml
60–80 g/L36–50 g/L
23–35 g/L
Rheumatoid factor < 60 IU/ml < 60 kIU/L
Sodium 135–147 mEq/L 135–147 mmol/L
Testosterone:
FemaleMale 6–86 ng/dl270–1070 ng/dl 0.21–3 nmol/L9.3–37 nmol/L
Thyroid Hormone Function Tests:Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Thyroxine-binding globulin capacity
Total triiodothyronine (T3)
Total thyroxine by RIA (T4)
T3 resin uptake 0.35–6.2 mcU/ml10–26 mcg/dl
75–220 ng/dl
4–11 mcg/dl
25%-38% 0.35–6.2 mU/L100–260 mcg/L
1.2–3.4 nmol/L
51–142 nmol/L
0.25–0.38 fraction of 1
Transaminase, AST (aspartate aminotransferase, SGOT) 11–47 IU/L 0.18–0.78 mckat/L
Transaminase, ALT (alanine aminotransferase, SGPT) 7–53 IU/L 0.12–0.88 mckat/L
Transferrin 220–400 mg/dL 2.20–4.00 g/L
Urea nitrogen (BUN) 8–25 mg/dl 2.9–8.9 mmol/L
Uric acid 3–8 mg/dl 179–476 mcmol/L
Vitamin A (retinol) 15–60 mcg/dl 0.52–2.09 mcmol/L
Zinc 50–150 mcg/dl 7.7–23 mcmol/L
1 Tergantung pada usia
2 Bayi dan anak sampai 104 U/L
3 Bayi usia 1 tahun sampai 6 mg/dl
Urine
Determination Reference Value
Conventional units SI units
Calcium 50–250 mcg/day 1.25–6.25 mmol/day
Catecholamines:Epinephrine
Norepinephrine < 20 mcg/day< 100 mcg/day < 109 nmol/day< 590 nmol/day
Catecholamines, 24-hr < 110 µg < 650 nmol
Copper 15–60 mcg/day 0.24–0.95 mcmol/day
Creatinine:Child
Adolescent
Female
Male 8–22 mg/kg8–30 mg/kg
0.6–1.5 g/day
0.8–1.8 g/day 71–195 µmol/kg
71–265 µmol/kg5.3–13.3 mmol/day
7.1–15.9 mmol/day
pH 4.5–8 4.5–8
Phosphate 0.9–1.3 g/day 29–42 mmol/day
Potassium 25–100 mEq/day 25–100 mmol/day
ProteinTotal
At rest 1–14 mg/dL50–80 mg/day 10–140 mg/L50–80 mg/day
Protein, quantitative < 150 mg/day < 0.15 g/day
Sodium 100–250 mEq/day 100–250 mmol/day
Specific gravity, random 1.002–1.030 1.002–1.030
Uric acid, 24-hr 250–750 mg 1.48–4.43 mmol
1 Tergantung pada diet.
Drug Levels*

Drug Determination Reference Value
Conventional units SI units
Aminoglycosides Amikacin(trough)
(peak) 1–8 mcg/ml1.7–13.7 mcmol/L 20–30 mcg/ml
34–51 mcmol/L
Gentamicin(trough)
(peak) 0.5–2 mcg/ml6–10 mcg/ml 1–4.2 mcmol/L12.5–20.9 mcmol/L
Kanamycin(trough)
(peak) 5–10 mcg/ml
20–25 mcg/ml ndnd
Netilimicin(trough)
(peak) 0.5–2 mcg/ml
6–10 mcg/ml ndnd
Streptomycin(trough)
(peak) < 5 mcg/ml
5–20 mcg/ml ndnd
Tobramycin(trough) (peak) 0.5–2 mcg/ml
5–20 mcg/ml 1.1–4.3 mcmol/L12.8–21.8 mcmol/L

Drug Determination Reference Value
Conventional units SI units
Antiarrhythmics Amiodarone 0.5–2.5 mcg/ml 1.5–4 mcmol/L
Bretylium 0.5–1.5 mcg/ml nd
Digitoxin 9–25 mcg/L 11.8–32.8 nmol/L
Digoxin 0.8–2 ng/ml 0.9–2.5 nmol/L
Disopyramide 2–8 mcg/ml 6–18 mcmol/L
Flecainide 0.2–1 mcg/ml nd
Lidocaine 1.5–6 mcg/ml 4.5–21.5 mcmol/L
Mexiletine 0.5–2 mcg/ml nd
Procainamide 4–8 mcg/ml 17–34 mcmol/ml
Propranolol 50–200 ng/ml 190–770 nmol/L
Quinidine 2–6 mcg/ml 4.6–9.2 mcmol/L
Tocainide 4–10 mcg/ml nd
Verapamil 0.08–0.3 mcg/ml nd
Anticonvulsants Carbamazepine 4–12 mcg/ml 17–51 mcmol/L
Phenobarbital 10–40 mcg/ml 43–172 mcmol/L
Phenytoin 10–20 mcg/ml 40–80 mcmol/L
Primidone 4–12 mcg/ml 18–55 mcmol/L
Valproic Acid 40–100 mcg/ml 280–700 mcmol/L
Antidepressants Amitriptyline 110–250 ng/ml 500–900 nmol/L
Amoxapine 200–500 ng/ml nd
Bupropion 25–100 ng/ml nd
Clomipramine 80–100 ng/ml nd
Desipramine 115–300 ng/ml nd
Doxepin 110–250 ng/ml nd
Imipramine 225–350 ng/ml nd
Maprotiline 200–300 ng/ml nd
Nortriptyline 50–150 ng/ml nd
Protriptyline 70–250 ng/ml nd
Trazodone 800–1600 ng/ml nd
Antipsychotics Chlorpromazine 50–300 ng/ml 150–950 nmol/L
Fluphenazine 0.13–2.8 ng/ml nd
Haloperidol 5–20 ng/ml nd
Perphenazine 0.8–1.2 ng/ml nd
Thiothixene 2–57 ng/ml nd

Drug Determination Reference Value
Conventional units SI units
Miscellaneous AmantadineAmrinone 300 ng/ml3.7 mcg/ml ndnd
Chloramphenicol 10–20 mcg/ml 31–62 mcmol/L
Cyclosporine 250–800 ng/ml(whole blood, RIA)
50–300 ng/ml (plasma, RIA) ndnd
Ethanol 0 mg/dl 0 mmol/L
Hydralazine 100 ng/ml nd
Lithium 0.6–1.2 mEq/L 0.6–1.2 mmol/L
Salicylate 100–300 mg/L 724–2172 mcmol/L
Sulfonamide 5–15 mg/dl nd
Terbutaline 0.5–4.1 ng/ml nd
Theophylline 10–20 mcg/ml 55–110 mcmol/L
Vancomycin(trough)
(peak) 5–15 ng/ml
20–40 mcg/ml ndnd
* Nilai yang diberikan secara umum dapat digunakan untuk terapi tanpa terjadi efek toksik pada kebanyakan pasien, Namun pengecualian juga tidak jarang terjadi.
1 nd = data tidak tersedia.
2 Metabolit N-desmethyl beserta turunannya.
3 Nilai 24 jam.
4 Toksik: 50–100 mg/dl (10.9–21.7 mmol/L).
Diambil dari The Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure, National Institutes of Health.
Classification of Blood Pressure *
Category Reference value
Systolic (mm Hg) Diastolic (mm Hg)
Optimal < 120 and < 80
Normal < 130 and < 85
High-normal 130–139 or 85–89
HypertensionStage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3 140–159
160–179 180 oror
or 90–99
100–109 110
* Untuk dewasa berusia 18 atau lebih yang tidak dalam pengobatan anti hipertensi dan tidak dalam kondisi akut. Ketika tekanan sistole dan diastole masuk ke dalam kategori lain, maka kategori di atasnya harus dipilih untuk menentukan klasifikasi status tekanan darah penderita. Sebagai tambahan dalam menentukan stadium hipertensi, seorang praktisi medis harus menentukan ada atau tidaknya penyakit pada target organ serta faktor resiko lainnya.
1 Tekanan darah yang optimal terhadap resiko kardiovaskular adalah dibawah 120/88 m Hg. Namun demikian, nilai rendah yang tidak wajar harus dievaluasi untuk menemukan kelainan klinis yang signifikan.
2 Berdasarkan atas pembacaan sebanyak 2 kali atau lebih pada pemeriksaan awal.
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